One option could be to take a look at games like
BattleTech, where support for various
eras and settings is handled with different print and PDF publications.
At the moment, Catalyst Game Labs divide the present
BT timeline into six eras, and have a series of sourcebooks set in one or more of these time periods. For example, there is a print-based volume covering the Reunification War (the defining conflict that was fought by the nascent Star League against the then-independent states of the Periphery), while a smaller PDF-only volume looks at the preceding Age of War (fought using primitive BattleMechs in the years prior to the formation of the Star League).
Also, alternate settings and locations have been given a similar treatment. Another example is in the early Succession Wars era (which were fought in the wake of the Star League's collapse). Next year will see historical files set in the Inner Sphere showing the early Succession Wars play out. But at the same time, there is already a print volume which follows the exiles who fled the Inner Sphere and who went on to become the Clans, and a PDF-only follow-up showing how Clan society evolved from those early generations of exiles into the kind of factions that would crash back into the Inner Sphere during Operation REVIVAL. (And another recent volume cast a broad net into the Deep Periphery as of 3095, showing a variety of far distant human societies who have developed at a distant remove from the Inner Sphere; some of whom had been "out there" for so long that they entirely skipped over the rise and fall of the Star League itself.)
Each of those files come with rules enabling both tabletop and RPG campaigns set in the era in question, with specific options for notable regiments or major personalities to help this kind of setup.
In principle, something similar could be done to both highlight a major era or conflict in the Alpha Octant (Early Years, General War, etc) or to provide a solid introduction to various non-Alpha settings (Omega, LMC, Triangulum, and so on).
Right now, perhaps the closest thing we have to that is the series of faction sourcebooks for
Prime Directive; but perhaps there might be other options on the table which may help bring the Star Fleet Universe to life.